Full official physics syllabus 2026 — all exams

General Studies and Physics Paper-1 & Paper-II as per the official UPPSC notification.

GENERAL STUDIES

(for the post of Lecturer/Workshop Superintendent) 1. History of India: Emphasis should be on general understanding of political, economic and social aspects of Indian History.

2. Geography of India: Candidates will be expected to have knowledge of the Physical and Human aspects of the Geography of India in general terms.

3. Indian Polity and Constitution: Candidates are expected to have a basic knowledge and preliminary understanding about Indian Political system as well as Indian Constitution.

4. Current events of National and International significance.

Physics Paper-1 Syllabus

1. Mathematical Physics

Dimensional analysis. Vector algebra and vector calculus, concept of Tensor, Linear ordinary differential equations of first & second order, special functions (Legendre, Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre functions). Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms. Partial differential equations (Laplace, wave and heat equations in two and three dimensions).

Elementary probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson and normal distributions. Central limit theorem.

2. Classical Mechanics and Properties of Matters

Newton's laws of motion, Dynamics of System of particle and rigid body, Center of mass and Center of Gravity, conservation laws of Energy, momentum and angular momentum, central force and its characteristics, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Reduction of Two body Central Force Problems, Planet and Satellite, Orbital and escape velocity, communication satellite. Virtual and Actual Displacement, D'Alembert's Principle, Generalized co-ordinates, Lagrangian equations, Hamiltonian functions and equations, cyclic co-ordinates, Poisson Brackets and canonical transformations, Hamilton-Jacobi Theory, Inertial and non-inertial frame of references, Events, Galilean transformations, Galilean invariance and variance, special theory of Relativity, Lorentz transformations, Relativity of simultaneity and colocality, Length contraction, Time Dilation, Velocity addition theorem, Non-relativistic and relativistic particles, Relativistic Dynamics, Mass-energy equivalence, Doppler effect in light.

Elastic behavior of loaded wire, Elastic constants, Torsion of Cylinder, Bending of beam, Cantilever, surface tension, surface energy, angle of contact, capillarity, Excess pressure, Ideal fluid, hydro dynamical equations based on conservation of mass, Momentum and energy, Viscous force (Newton's law, Poiseuille law, Stokes law).

3. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics

Four Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences Carnot cycle, Heat engine, Refrigerator. Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell's relations, Joule's effect and Joule's Thomson effect, Transport Phenomenon of gases, Kinetic theory of matters, conduction, convection, Black Body Radiation Kirchhoff's laws, Planck's distribution law and deduction of Stefan's law, Wien's law and Rayleigh-Jeans law, Phase space (p and q), Macrostate and microstate, Micro-canonical, Gibb's-canonical, Grand-canonical ensembles and Partition functions, Classical and Quantum statistical mechanics, Maxwell speed distribution Ideal Bose and Fermi gases, Bose Einstein condensation, Thermodynamic and statistical Entropy and theorems, Gibb's paradox and its resolution. First and second order phase transition.

4. Optics and Acoustics

Cardinal points, Huygens and Ramsden eyepiece Defect of visions, Human eye and camera, Telescope and microscope, Theories of light, concept and condition of interference, Young's double slits, Biprism, Colour in thin films, Newton's ring, Michelson interferometer, Fabry-Perot inter-ferometer, Fresnel and Fraunhofer's Diffraction, Zone Plate, Single slit and multiple slits diffraction, plane Grating, Resolving Power of Grating and optical instruments, Limit and criteria of resolution.

Unpolarised and polarised light, Plane of vibration and plane polarization, Polarization by Reflection, Refraction, Double refraction, Dichroism, Law of Malus, Nicol Prism, Retardation Plates (Half and Quarter), Babinet compensator, Optical rotation, Polarimeters, Coherence (Temporal and Spatial), Induced emission, Spontaneous emission, Induced absorption, Einstein's A & B co-efficients, components of Laser, Types of pumping, Ruby lasers, He-Ne lasers, Semi-conductor lasers, Holography and Photography, Medical application of lasers, Undamped, Damped, Forced and Resonance Vibrations, Lissajous figures, Velocity of Sound, Plane progressive and stationary waves, Vibration of Stretched strings and organ Pipes, Reflectivity and Transmittivity at boundary, Phase velocity and Group velocity.

Physics Paper-II Syllabus

5. Electromagnetism

Electric Flux, Gauss law in electrostatics and its applications, Electric Field and Potential Due to Dielectric sphere and Electric Dipole, Laplace and Poisson equations, Gauss law in magnetostatics, Behavior of dipole in uniform and non-uniform fields, (magnetic chemical and Heating), effect of currents, Biot-Savart law and its applications, Ampere's circuital law and its applications, Lorentz force, cyclotron (limit and modification), Galvanometer, Ammeter, Voltmeter, Magnetic Flux, Laws of electro-magnetic induction, static and dynamic Induced emf, Self and Mutual induction and inductance, Laws of Electrostatics, Laws of magnetostatics, laws of electromagnetism, equation of continuity and modification of Ampere's circuital law, Conduction and displacement current, Maxwell's equations in free space and Dielectrics, Electromagnetic waves, Poynting vector, Dispersion relation in Plasma, Transmission line and Waveguide.

6. Quantum Mechanics

Wave particle duality, Matter waves, Uncertainty Principle, Photoelectric and Compton effect, Davisson - Germer experiment Wavepacket, Schrodinger equation (Time dependent and Time independent), Physical Significance of wave function, Normalisation, Orthogonality, Orthonormality, Eigen value equation, Eigen value, Eigen function, Expectation value, Ehrenfest Theorem, Dirac function and Kronecker delta, Particle in a box, Potential step, Potential barrier, Harmonic oscillator, Rigid Rotator, Hydrogen Atom, Spherical harmonics, Commutation and Non commutation Relations, Pauli spin matrices, Operators, Exchange degeneracy.

7. Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear and Particle Physics Bohr's and Sommerfeld Atomic Models, Hydrogen like atoms, effect of nuclear motion, Optical spectra and X-Ray spectra, Duan-Hunts law, Moseley law, Vector atom model, Sodium D1 and D2 lines, Bohr magneton, Larmor frequency, Stern-Gerlach experiment, Selection rules, Spectral terms, L-S coupling, J-J coupling, Lande-g factor, Zeeman effect (Normal and anomalous), Paschenback effect, Stark effect, Electronic, Rotational, Vibrational molecular Spectra, Raman effect, phosphorescence effect.

Laws of Radio activity, Earth and Carbon dating, Mass defect, Packing fraction, Binding energy, Binding energy curve, Nuclear fission and fusion, Nuclear Reactor, Nuclear reaction, Q- values, Chain reaction (Controlled and un-controlled), Thermo nuclear reactions, Hydrogen bomb, Semi-empirical mass formula, Liquid drop model, Shell model, Collective model, Nuclear forces, Fundamental particles, four fundamental interactions, classification of elementary particles on the basis of Spin, Mass and Interaction, Quantum numbers (Charge, Spin, Parity, Isospin, Strangeness) Of Elementary particles, Quark model, Baryons, Leptons, Mesons, Conservation laws.

8. Electronics and Condensed Matters

Intrinsic and extrinsic semi conductors, P-N Junction & Zener Diode and their characteristic, Rectifier and filters, Bipolar and Unipolar transistors, Input and Output characteristics curve, Hybrid Parameters, Gains (Resistances, Current, Voltage, Power), Voltage and Power Amplifiers, Feedback Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and its application, Oscillators, Modulators, Detectors, Supersonics, Ultrasonic (Production, Detection and Applications), Multimeters, CRO, Opto electronic devices (LED, Photo detectors, Photo transistors, Solar cells).

Analog and Digital signals, Logic Gates (NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR) and their switching circuit, Logic symbols, Truth Tables, Venn diagram, Boolean functions, K-Map, Adder and Subtractor, Boolean Theorems, A/D, D/A, Resistors, Counters, Comparators, Flip-flops, Micro processors, Bravais Lattices, Reciprocal Lattices, Electron Diffraction, Bonding of Solids, liquid Crystals, Free Electron and Band theory of Solids, Electron motion in Periodic Potential, Effective mass of free electrons and holes, Specific heat of Solid (Classical and Quantum theories), Hall effect and Thermo electric Power, Super conductivity (Type-I and Type-II), Super conductors, Josephson Junction, BCS theory, Cooper pairs, Super fluidity. Dia, Para, Ferro, Antiferro, Ferri magnetism.

First Paper - General Studies (Madhya Pradesh).

UNIT:01 - History of Madhya Pradesh

• Ancient History of Madhya Pradesh - Prehistoric Period, Protohistoric Period and Historic Period.

• Medieval History of Madhya Pradesh

• Modern History of Madhya Pradesh

• Freedom Movement in Madhya Pradesh

• Tribal History and Tribal Literature of Madhya Pradesh

UNIT-02 - Geography of Madhya Pradesh

• Geographical location and extent of the state, major Rivers, mountains.

• Climate: Seasons, Soils, Temperature, Rainfall, Forest types and Forest produce.

• Agriculture: Major crops, Sources of irrigation, Irrigation projects.

• Thermal power projects, Non-conventional energy sources, Major Minerals.

• Population size, Growth and Literacy, Transportation, Food processing industries.

UNIT-03 - Politics and Economy of Madhya Pradesh

Politics of Madhya Pradesh Governor, Chief Minister, Cabinet, Vidhan Sabha, High Court, Lokayukta, State Secretariat, Chief Secretary, Divisional Commissioner, Police Commissioner.

District Administration, Urban Administration, Local Self Government, Panchayati Raj Institutions.

State Election Commission, State Information Commission, State Scheduled Castes Commission, State Scheduled Tribes Commission, State Backward Classes Commission, State Commission for Women.

Scheduled Caste and Schedule Tribe Prevention of Atrocities Act, 1989; Panchayats Extension to Schedule Areas (PESA) Act, 1996; Environment Protection Act, 1986; Madhya Pradesh Govansh Vadh Pratishedh Adhiniyam, 2004.

Economy of Madhya Pradesh Overview of the Economy of Madhya Pradesh.

Status of Agriculture and Rural Development in Madhya Pradesh.

Development of Industrial and Infrastructural Framework in Madhya Pradesh.

Status of Education, Health, and Skill Development in Madhya Pradesh.

Status of Madhya Pradesh in Sustainable Development Goals, Ease of Doing Business and Multidimensional Poverty Index.

UNIT-04 - Tribes of Madhya Pradesh: Heritage, Folk Culture and Folk Literature (with special reference to MP) The geographical spread of tribes in Madhya Pradesh, constitutional provisions related to tribes.

Major tribes of Madhya Pradesh and Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGS). Tribal welfare programs.

Tribal culture of Madhya Pradesh: Traditions, special arts, festivals, celebrations, language, dialects and literature.

Madhya Pradesh tribal's contribution to the freedom struggle of India and iconic tribal personalities of state. Popular institutes related to tribes of Madhya Pradesh, tribal museums, publications etc.

Folk culture and folk literature of Madhya Pradesh.

UNIT-5: - Important Contemporary Events of International, National and Madhya Pradesh and Information and Communication Technology

• Important International and National Contemporary events.

• Important Contemporary events and Major Public Welfare Schemes of Madhya Pradesh.

• Prominent personalities and Important Places of Madhya Pradesh.

• Computers, Information & Communication Technology, E-Governance.

• Basic knowledge of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning, Cloud Computing, Data Science and Internet of

Things.

Second Paper - Physics.

Unit 1: Mathematical methods of Physics

• Dimensional analysis, Vector algebra and vector calculus, Linear algebra.

• Linear differential equations, Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre).

• Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms, Elements of complex analysis, Laurent series, poles, residues and

evaluation of integrals.

• Elementary ideas about tensors, Introductory group theory, SU(2), O(3).

• Elements of computational techniques, roots of functions, interpolation, extrapolation, integration by trapezoid and

Simpson's rule, solution of first order differential equations using Runge-Kutta method, Finite difference methods.

• Elementary knowledge of probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson and normal distributions.

Unit 2: Classical Mechanics

• Newton's laws. Phase space dynamics; stability analysis.

• Central-force motion, Two-body collisions, scattering in laboratory and center-of-mass frames.

• Rigid body dynamics, moment of inertia tensor; non-inertial frames and pseudo-forces.

• Variational principle, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms and equations of motion; Poisson brackets and

canonical transformations, Symmetry, invariance and conservation laws, cyclic coordinates; Periodic motion, small oscillations and normal modes.

• Special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics and mass-energy equivalence.

Unit 3: Electromagnetic Theory

• Electrostatics: Gauss’ Law and its applications, Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems.

• Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere's theorem, electromagnetic induction.

• Maxwell's equations in free space and linear isotropic media, boundary conditions on fields at interfaces, Scalar

and vector potentials, Gauge invariance.

• Electromagnetic waves in free space, dielectrics and conductors, Reflection and refraction, polarization, Fresnel's

Law, interference, coherence and diffraction, Dispersion relations in plasma, Lorentz invariance of Maxwell's equations.

• Transmission lines and wave-guides, Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields,

Radiation from moving charges, dipoles and retarded potentials.

Unit 4: Quantum Mechanics

• Wave-particle duality, Wave functions in coordinate and momentum representations, Commutators and

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, Matrix representation, Dirac's bra and ket notation.

• Schrodinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent), Eigenvalue problems such as particle-in-a-box,

Harmonic oscillator, Tunneling through a barrier.

• Motion in a central potential, Orbital angular momentum, Angular momentum algebra, spin, Addition of angular

momenta, Hydrogen atom, spin-orbit coupling and fine structure.

• Time Independent perturbation theory and its applications, Variational method, WKB approximation.

• Time dependent perturbation theory and Fermi's Golden Rule, Selection rules, Semi-classical theory of radiation,

Elementary theory of scattering, phase shifts, partial waves, Born approximation, Identical particles, Pauli's exclusion principle, spin-statistics connection, Relativistic quantum mechanics, Klein Gordon and Dirac equations.

Unit 5: Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics

• Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences, Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations, Chemical

potential, phase equilibria, Phase space, micro and macrostates.

• Microcanonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles and partition functions.

• Free energy and connection with thermodynamic quantities, First and second order phase transitions.

• Classical and quantum statistics, ideal Fermi and Bose gases, Blackbody radiation and Planck’s distribution law,

Bose-Einstein condensation.

• Random walk and Brownian motion, Introduction to non-equilibrium processes, Diffusion equation.

Unit 6: Electronics

• Semiconductor devices including diode, Junction transistors, Field-Effect devices, Homo and Hetero junction

devices.

• Device Structure, device characteristics, Frequency dependence and application.

• Optoelectronic devices including Solar cells, Optical detectors and Light Emitting Diode, High frequency devices

including: generators and detectors.

• Operational amplifier and its application, Digital technique and applications (Registers, Counters, Comparators and

equivalent circuits) Analog to Digital and Digital to Analog Converters, Micro-processor and Micro-controller.

Unit 7: Experimental techniques and data analysis

• Data representation and analysis, Analysis of exact and appropriate errors, Propagation of errors.

• Least square fitting, linear and non-linear curve fitting, Chi-square test.

• Transducers (Temperature, Pressure/vacuum, magnetic field, Vibrations, Optical and particle detectors)

measurement and control, Signal conditioning and recovery, impedance matching.

• Amplification (operational amplifier based, instrumentation amplifier, feedback), Filtering and Noise reduction,

shielding and grounding, Fourier transformation.

• Lock-in detector, Box-car integrator, modulation technique.

Unit 8: Atomic & Molecular Physics

• Quantum states of an electron in an atom, Electron spin, Stern-Gerlach experiment, Spectrum of Hydrogen, Helium

and alkali atoms.

• Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen, Hyperfine structure and isotopic shift, width of spectral lines,

LS & JJ coupling.

• Zeeman, Paschen Back & Stark effect, X-ray spectroscopy.

• Electron spin resonance, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical shift, Rotational, vibrational, electronic and

Raman spectra of diatomic molecules.

• Frank - Condon principle and selection rules, Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficients,

Lasers, optical pumping, population inversion, rate equation, Modes of resonators and coherence length.

Unit 9: Condensed Matter Physics

• Bravais lattices, Reciprocal lattice, diffraction and the structure factor.

• Bonding of solids, Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat, free electron theory and electronic specific

heat, Response and relaxation phenomena.

• Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity, Hall Effect and thermoelectric power. Diamagnetism,

paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism.

• Electron motion in periodic potential, band theory of metals, insulators and semiconductors.

• Superconductivity: Type-I and type II superconductors, Josephson junctions, Defects and dislocations, Ordered

phases of matter, translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid crystalline order, Conducting polymers, Quasicrystals.

Unit 10: Nuclear Physics and Contribution of Physicists

• Basic nuclear properties: size, shape, charge distribution, spin and parity, Binding energy. Semi-empirical mass

formula, Liquid drop model, Fission and fusion.

• Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon-nucleon potential, Charge-independence and charge-symmetry of

nuclear forces, Isospin; Deuteron problem, Evidence of shell structure, single-particle shell model- its validity and limitations, Rotational spectra.

• Elementary ideas of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their selection rules, nuclear reactions, reaction

mechanisms, compound nuclei and direct reactions.

• Classification of fundamental forces, Elementary particles (quarks, baryons, mesons, leptons), Spin and parity

assignments, isospin, strangeness, Gell-Mann-Nishijima formula; C, P, and T invariance and applications of symmetry arguments to particle reactions, parity non-conservation in weak interaction; Relativistic kinematics.

• Contribution of Aryabhata, Varahmihir, Brahmagupta and Bhaskaracharya to Astrophysics in ancient times. Basic

information of ancient and modern observatories in India. Contribution of Indian Physicists J C Bose, C.V. Raman, S N Bose, Meghnad Saha, Homi Bhabha, Vikram Sarabhai, Raja Ramanna and J. V. Narlikar.

UGC NET Bureau General Paper on Teaching & Research Aptitude (Code 00).

UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION

NET BUREAU

SYLLABUS

Subject: GENERAL PAPER ON TEACHING & RESEARCH APTITUDE Code No. : 00

PAPER-I

The main objective is to assess the teaching and research capabilities of the candidates. The test aims at assessing the teaching and research aptitude as well.

Candidates are expected to possess and exhibit cognitive abilities, which include comprehension, analysis, evaluation, understanding the structure of arguments, deductive and inductive reasoning. The candidates are also expected to have a general awareness about teaching and learning processes in higher education system. Further, they should be aware of interaction between people, environment, natural resources and their impact on the quality of life.

The details of syllabi are as follows:

Unit-I Teaching Aptitude

Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding and Reflective), Characteristics and basic requirements.

Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.

Factors affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment and Institution.

Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher centred vs.

Learner centred methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs etc.).

Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern and ICT based.

Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based Credit System in Higher education, Computer based testing, Innovations in evaluation systems.

Unit-II Research Aptitude

Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post- positivistic approach to research.

Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.

Steps of Research.

Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.

Application of ICT in research.

Research ethics.

Unit-III Comprehension

A passage of text be given. Questions be asked from the passage to be answered.

Unit-IV Communication

Communication: Meaning, types and characteristics of communication.

Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group communications, Classroom communication.

Barriers to effective communication.

Mass-Media and Society.

Unit-V Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude

Types of reasoning.

Number series, Letter series, Codes and Relationships.

Mathematical Aptitude (Fraction, Time & Distance, Ratio, Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Interest and Discounting, Averages etc.).

Unit-VI Logical Reasoning

Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms, structure of categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal and Informal fallacies, Uses of language, Connotations and denotations of terms, Classical square of opposition.

Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.

Analogies.

Venn diagram: Simple and multiple use for establishing validity of arguments.

Indian Logic: Means of knowledge.

Pramanas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumana (Inference), Upamana (Comparison), Shabda (Verbal testimony), Arthapatti (Implication) and Anupalabddhi (Non-apprehension).

Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation), Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).

Unit-VII Data Interpretation

Sources, acquisition and classification of Data.

Quantitative and Qualitative Data.

Graphical representation (Bar-chart, Histograms, Pie-chart, Table-chart and Line-chart) and mapping of Data.

Data Interpretation.

Data and Governance.

Unit-VIII Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

ICT: General abbreviations and terminology.

Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing.

Digital initiatives in higher education.

ICT and Governance.

Unit-IX People, Development and Environment

Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals.

Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on environment.

Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and Political dimensions.

Impacts of pollutants on human health.

Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear and Forests.

Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies.

Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance.

Unit-X Higher Education System

Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.

Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.

Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India.

Professional, Technical and Skill Based education.

Value education and environmental education.

Policies, Governance, and Administration.

NOTE: (i) Five questions each carrying 2 marks are to be set from each Module.

(ii) Whenever graphical/pictorial question(s) are set for sighted candidates, a passage followed by equal number of questions and weightage be set for visually impaired candidates.

Physical Sciences syllabus (CSIR-UGC NET pattern).

CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) for Junior Research Fellowship and Lecturer-ship

PHYSICAL SCIENCES

PART A

CORE

I. Mathematical Methods of Physics Dimensional analysis. Vector algebra and vector calculus. Linear algebra, matrices, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Linear ordinary differential equations of first & second order, Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre functions). Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms. Elements of complex analysis, analytic functions; Taylor & Laurent series; poles, residues and evaluation of integrals. Elementary probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson and normal distributions. Central limit theorem.

II. Classical Mechanics Newton’s laws. Dynamical systems, Phase space dynamics, stability analysis. Central force motions.

Two body Collisions - scattering in laboratory and Centre of mass frames. Rigid body dynamics- moment of inertia tensor. Non-inertial frames and pseudoforces. Variational principle. Generalized coordinates. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism and equations of motion. Conservation laws and cyclic coordinates. Periodic motion: small oscillations, normal modes. Special theory of relativity- Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics and mass–energy equivalence.

III. Electromagnetic Theory Electrostatics: Gauss’s law and its applications, Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems. Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere's theorem. Electromagnetic induction. Maxwell's equations in free space and linear isotropic media; boundary conditions on the fields at interfaces. Scalar and vector potentials, gauge invariance. Electromagnetic waves in free space. Dielectrics and conductors.

Reflection and refraction, polarization, Fresnel’s law, interference, coherence, and diffraction. Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields.

IV. Quantum Mechanics Wave-particle duality. Schrödinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent). Eigenvalue problems (particle in a box, harmonic oscillator, etc.). Tunneling through a barrier. Wave-function in coordinate and momentum representations. Commutators and Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Dirac notation for state vectors. Motion in a central potential: orbital angular momentum, angular momentum algebra, spin, addition of angular momenta; Hydrogen atom. Stern-Gerlach experiment. Time- independent perturbation theory and applications. Variational method. Time dependent perturbation theory and Fermi's golden rule, selection rules. Identical particles, Pauli exclusion principle, spin-statistics connection.

V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences. Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations, chemical potential, phase equilibria. Phase space, micro- and macro-states. Micro-canonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles and partition functions. Free energy and its connection with thermodynamic quantities. Classical and quantum statistics. Ideal Bose and Fermi gases. Principle of detailed balance. Blackbody radiation and Planck's distribution law.

VI. Electronics and Experimental Methods Semiconductor devices (diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect devices, homo- and hetero-junction devices), device structure, device characteristics, frequency dependence and applications. Opto-electronic devices (solar cells, photo-detectors, LEDs). Operational amplifiers and their applications. Digital techniques and applications (registers, counters, comparators and similar circuits). A/D and D/A converters. Microprocessor and microcontroller basics.

Data interpretation and analysis. Precision and accuracy. Error analysis, propagation of errors. Least squares fitting,

PART B

ADVANCED

I. Mathematical Methods of Physics Green’s function. Partial differential equations (Laplace, wave and heat equations in two and three dimensions). Elements of computational techniques: root of functions, interpolation, extrapolation, integration by trapezoid and Simpson’s rule, Solution of first order differential equation using Runge- Kutta method. Finite difference methods. Tensors. Introductory group theory: SU(2), O(3).

II. Classical Mechanics Dynamical systems, Phase space dynamics, stability analysis. Poisson brackets and canonical transformations. Symmetry, invariance and Noether’s theorem. Hamilton-Jacobi theory.

III. Electromagnetic Theory Dispersion relations in plasma. Lorentz invariance of Maxwell’s equation. Transmission lines and wave guides. Radiation- from moving charges and dipoles and retarded potentials.

IV. Quantum Mechanics Spin-orbit coupling, fine structure. WKB approximation. Elementary theory of scattering: phase shifts, partial waves, Born approximation. Relativistic quantum mechanics: Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations.

Semi-classical theory of radiation.

V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics First- and second-order phase transitions. Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism. Ising model. Bose-Einstein condensation. Diffusion equation. Random walk and Brownian motion.

Introduction to nonequilibrium processes.

VI. Electronics and Experimental Methods Linear and nonlinear curve fitting, chi-square test. Transducers (temperature, pressure/vacuum, magnetic fields, vibration, optical, and particle detectors). Measurement and control. Signal conditioning and recovery. Impedance matching, amplification (Op-amp based, instrumentation amp, feedback), filtering and noise reduction, shielding and grounding. Fourier transforms, lock-in detector, box-car integrator, modulation techniques.

High frequency devices (including generators and detectors).

VII. Atomic & Molecular Physics Quantum states of an electron in an atom. Electron spin. Spectrum of helium and alkali atom. Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen atom, hyperfine structure and isotopic shift, width of spectrum lines, LS & JJ couplings. Zeeman, Paschen-Bach & Stark effects. Electron spin resonance. Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical shift. Frank-Condon principle. Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

Electronic, rotational, vibrational and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, selection rules. Lasers:

spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficients. Optical pumping, population inversion, rate equation. Modes of resonators and coherence length.

VIII. Condensed Matter Physics Bravais lattices. Reciprocal lattice. Diffraction and the structure factor. Bonding of solids. Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat. Free electron theory and electronic specific heat. Response and relaxation phenomena. Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity. Hall effect and thermoelectric power. Electron motion in a periodic potential, band theory of solids: metals, insulators and semiconductors. Superconductivity: type-I and type-II superconductors. Josephson junctions.

Superfluidity. Defects and dislocations. Ordered phases of matter: translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid crystalline order. Quasi crystals.

IX. Nuclear and Particle Physics Basic nuclear properties: size, shape and charge distribution, spin and parity. Binding energy, semi- empirical mass formula, liquid drop model. Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon-nucleon potential, charge-independence and charge-symmetry of nuclear forces. Deuteron problem. Evidence of shell structure, single-particle shell model, its validity and limitations. Rotational spectra. Elementary ideas of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their selection rules. Fission and fusion. Nuclear reactions, reaction mechanism, compound nuclei and direct reactions.

Classification of fundamental forces. Elementary particles and their quantum numbers (charge, spin, parity, isospin, strangeness, etc.). Gellmann-Nishijima formula. Quark model, baryons and mesons. C, P, and T invariance. Application of symmetry arguments to particle reactions. Parity non-conservation in weak interaction. Relativistic kinematics.

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Scheme, structure and nature of questions for the aptitude paper.

—)— 5 Structure of Question Paper

SCHEME/STRUCTURE AND CONTENT OF TEST:

All questions in the test will be multiple choice questions. Each carrying one mark, with four alternatives out of which one answer will be correct. There shali be no negative marking. Detailed scheme and structure for all three levels is as given here under:

There shall be only one Paper in this category. All questions will be Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) each carrying one mark with four alternatives out of which one answer will be correct.

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Structure and Content:

() English 30 {ii) Punjabi 30 (i) Teaching 30 (iv) General Knowledge/Current affairs 30 (v) Mental Aptitude 30

NATURE AND STANDARD OF QUESTIONS:

• The test items on General Intelligence and Reasoning Ability Shall be both verbal and non

verbal types. Test may include questions on analogies, similarities, differences, space visualization, problem solving, analysis, judgment, decision making, visual memory, discrimination, observation, relationship, concepts, arithmetical reasoning, verbal and figure besides testing the knowledge of Everyday Science, Scientific Research, Sports, Indian Culture, Indian History, Indian Geography, Economics, Indian Polity, Indian Constitution, etc,

• The test items for language 1| (Punjabi) will be designed to test the candidate's

understanding, correct usage and knowledge of Punjabi Language and will be based on error recognition, fill in the blanks (using Verbs, Prepositions, Articles, etc.), vocabulary, spellings, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms, sentence completion, phrases and idioms, etc.

¢ The Language 1l (English) will be designed to test the candidate's understanding, correct usage and knowledge of English Language and will be based on error recognition, fill in the blanks (using Verbs, Prepositions, Articles, etc), vocabulary, spellings, grammar, sentence structure, synonyms, antonyms, sentence completion, phrases and idioms, etc.

Subject paper - Physics.

PHYSICS

I. Mathematical Methods of Physics Dimensional analysis; Vector algebra and vector calculus; Linear algebra, matrices, Cayley Hamilton theorem, eigenvalue problems; Linear differential equations; Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre);

Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms; Elements of complex analysis: Laurent series-poles, residues and evaluation of integrals; Elementary ideas about tensors; Introductory group theory, SU(2), O(3); Elements of computational techniques: roots of functions, interpolation, extrapolation, integration by trapezoid and Simpson's rule, solution of first order differential equations using Runge-Kutta method; Finite difference methods; Elementary probability theory, random variables, binomial, Poisson and normal distributions.

II. Classical Mechanics Newton's laws; Phase space dynamics, stability analysis; Central-force motion; Two-body collisions, scattering in laboratory and centre-of-mass frames; Rigid body dynamics, moment of inertia tensor, non-inertial frames and pseudoforces; Variational principle, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms and equations of motion; Poisson brackets and canonical transformations; Symmetry, invariance and conservation laws, cyclic coordinates; Periodic motion, wave motion, small oscillations and normal modes; Special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics and mass-energy equivalence, work power energy, gravitation, pressure, motion of fluids, viscosity, surface tension.

III. Electromagnetic Theory Electrostatics: Gauss' Law and its applications; Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems;

Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere's theorem, electromagnetic induction; Maxwell's equations in free space and linear isotropic media; boundary conditions on fields at interfaces; Scalar and vector potentials; Gauge invariance; Electromagnetic waves in free space, dielectrics, and conductors; Reflection and refraction, polarization, optical instrument, defects of eye. Fresnel's Law, interference, coherence, and diffraction; Dispersion relations in plasma; Lorentz invariance of Maxwell's equations; Transmission lines and wave guides; Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields; Radiation from moving charges, dipoles and retarded potentials, current electricity-Kirchhoff's Law, Wheat Stone Bridge, Potentiometer & Slide Wire Bridge.

IV. Quantum Mechanics Wave-particle duality; Wave functions in coordinate and momentum representations; Commutators and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle; Matrix representation; Dirac's bra and ket notation; Schroedinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent); Eigenvalue problems such as particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator, etc.;

Tunneling through a barrier; Motion in a central potential; Orbital angular momentum, Angular momentum algebra, spin; Addition of angular momenta; Hydrogen atom, spin-orbit coupling, fine structure; Time-independent perturbation theory and applications; Variational method; WKB approximation; Time dependent perturbation theory and Fermi's Golden Rule; Selection rules; Semi-classical theory of radiation; Elementary theory of scattering, phase shifts, partial waves, Born approximation; Identical particles, Pauli's exclusion principle, spin-statistics connection;

Relativistic quantum mechanics: Klein Gordon and Dirac equations.

V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences; Thermodynamic potentials, Maxwell relations; Chemical potential, phase equilibria; Phase space, micro- and macrostates; Microcanonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles and partition functions; Free Energy and connection with thermodynamic quantities; First- and second-order phase transitions; Classical and quantum statistics, ideal Fermi and Bose gases; Principle of detailed balance; Blackbody radiation and Planck's distribution law; Bose-Einstein condensation; Random walk and Brownian motion; introduction to non-equilibrium processes; Diffusion equation.

VI. Electronics and Experimental methods Semiconductor device physics, including diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect devices, homo and heterojunction devices, device structure, device characteristics, frequency dependence and applications; Optoelectronic devices, including solar cells, photodetectors, and LEDs; High-frequency devices, including generators and detectors;

Operational amplifiers and their applications; Digital techniques and applications (registers, counters, comparators and similar circuits); A/D and D/A converters; Microprocessor and microcontroller basics, Logic gates, communication system.

Data interpretation and analysis. Precision and accuracy. Error analysis, propagation of errors. Least squares fitting.

VII. Experimental Techniques and data analysis Data interpretation and analysis; Precision and accuracy, error analysis, propagation of errors, least squares fitting, linear and nonlinear curve fitting, chi-square test; Transducers (temperature, pressure/vacuum, magnetic field, vibration, optical, and particle detectors), measurement and control; Signal conditioning and recovery, impedance matching, amplification (Op-amp based, instrumentation amp, feedback), filtering and noise reduction, shielding and grounding; Fourier transforms; lock-in detector, box-car integrator, modulation techniques.

Applications of the above experimental and analytical techniques to typical undergraduate and graduate level laboratory experiments.

VIII. Atomic & Molecular Physics Quantum states of an electron in an atom; Electron spin; Stern-Gerlach experiment; Spectrum of Hydrogen, helium and alkali atoms; Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen; Hyperfine structure and isotopic shift; width of spectral lines; LS & JJ coupling; Zeeman, Paschen Back & Stark effect, Photoelectric effect, X-ray spectroscopy;

Electron spin resonance, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical shift; Rotational, vibrational, electronic, and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules; Frank - Condon principle and selection rules; Spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficients; Lasers, optical pumping, population inversion, rate equation; Modes of resonators and coherence length.

IX. Condensed Matter Physics Bravais lattices; Reciprocal lattice, diffraction and the structure factor; Bonding of solids; Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat; Free electron theory and electronic specific heat; Response & relaxation phenomena;

Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity; Hall effect and thermoelectric power; Diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism; Electron motion in a periodic potential, band theory of metals, insulators and semiconductors; Superconductivity, type - I and type - II superconductors, Josephson junctions; Defects and dislocations; Ordered phases of matter, translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid crystalline order;

Conducting polymers; Quasicrystals.

X. Nuclear and Particle Physics Basic nuclear properties: size, shape, charge distribution, spin and parity; Binding energy, semi-empirical mass formula; Liquid drop model; Fission and fusion; Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon-nucleon potential;

Charge-independence and charge-symmetry of nuclear forces; Isospin; Deuteron problem; Evidence of shell structure, single- particle shell model, its validity and limitations; Rotational spectra; Elementary ideas of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their selection rules; Nuclear reactions, reaction mechanisms, compound nuclei and direct reactions; Classification of fundamental forces; Elementary particles (quarks, baryons, mesons, leptons); Spin and parity assignments, isospin, strangeness; Gell-Mann-Nishijima formula; C, P, and T invariance and applications of symmetry arguments to particle reactions, parity non-conservation in weak interaction; Relativistic kinematics.

Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission - written examination syllabus for Assistant Professor in Physics.

Syllabus for written examination for the Post of Assistant Professor in the subject of Physics I. Mathematical Methods of Physics Dimensional analysis; Vector algebra and vector calculus; Linear algebra, matrices, Cayley Hamilton theorem, eigenvalue problems; Linear differential equations; Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre);

Fourier series, Fourier and Laplace transforms; Elements of complex analysis: Laurent series - poles, residues and evaluation of integrals; Elementary ideas about tensors. Functions of a complex variable, Cauchy Riemann equations, Harmonic functions, complex integration, Cauchy's integral formula.

II. Classical Mechanics Newton's laws; Phase space dynamics, stability analysis; Central-force motion; Two-body collisions, scattering in laboratory and centre-of-mass frames; Rigid body dynamics, moment of inertia tensor, non-inertial frames and pseudoforces; Variational principle, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms and equations of motion; Poisson brackets and canonical transformations; Symmetry, invariance and conservation laws, cyclic coordinates; Periodic motion, small oscillations and normal modes. Hamilton-Jacobi equations for Hamilton's characteristic function.

III. Electromagnetic Theory Electrostatics: Gauss' Law and its applications; Laplace and Poisson equations, boundary value problems, Maxwell's equations in free space and linear isotropic media; boundary conditions on fields at interfaces; Scalar and vector potentials; Gauge invariance; Electromagnetic waves in free space, dielectrics, and conductors; Dispersion relations in plasma; Lorentz invariance of Maxwell's equations; Transmission lines and wave guides; Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields; Radiation from moving charges, dipoles and retarded potentials, Lienard-Wiechert potentials.

IV. Quantum Mechanics Wave-particle duality, Wave functions in coordinate and momentum representations; Commutators and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, Matrix representation; Dirac's bra and ket notation; Schrodinger equation (time-dependent and time-independent); Eigenvalue problems such as particle-in-a-box, harmonic oscillator, etc.;

Tunneling through a barrier; Motion in a central potential; Orbital angular momentum, Angular momentum algebra, spin; Addition of angular momenta; Hydrogen atom, spin-orbit coupling, fine structure; Time-independent perturbation theory and applications; Variational method; WKB approximation; Time dependent perturbation theory;

Fermi's Golden Rule; Selection rules; Semi-classical theory of radiation; Elementary ideas of relativistic quantum mechanics; Klein Gordon and Dirac equations; Identical particles, Pauli's exclusion principle, spin-statistics connection.

V. Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics Phase space, micro- and macro-states, ensembles: microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles and partition functions; Free Energy and connection with thermodynamic quantities; Gibb's paradox. First- and second-order phase transitions, Mean field theory, Landau's theory. Classical and quantum statistics, ideal Fermi and Bose gases; Blackbody radiation and Planck’s distribution law; Bose-Einstein condensation; Diffusion equation.

VI. Electronics Semiconductor device physics, including diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect devices, homo and heterojunction devices, device characteristics, frequency and power dependence. Opto-electronic devices, high-frequency devices, Operational amplifiers and their applications; Digital techniques and applications (registers, counters, and similar circuits); A/D and D/A converters. Logic gates; one bit RS, JK, JK-slave, D and T Flip Flops.

VII. Computational methods in physics Numerical analysis: Elements of computational techniques; interpolation and extrapolation, curve fitting, solutions of equations; Bisection method, secant method, numerical integration; Trapezoidal, Simpson's methods, Runge-Kutta method. Solutions of algebraic and transcendental equations; Newton-Raphson method, solution of linear system of equations by Gauss Elimination method.

VIII. Atomic & Molecular Physics Quantum states of an electron in an atom; Electron spin: one electron atoms, Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen; Hyperfine structure and isotopic shift; width of spectral lines; LS & JJ coupling; Zeeman, Paschen Back & Stark effect; X-ray spectroscopy; Electron spin resonance, Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical shifts, rotational, vibrational, electronic and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, selection rules, Frank - Condon principle, spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficients.

IX. Condensed Matter Physics Bravais lattices; Reciprocal lattice, diffraction and the structure factor; Bonding of solids; Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat; Free electron theory and electronic specific heat; Drude and Sommerfeld theory, Hall effect and thermoelectric power; Di and paramagnetism, diamagnetism of free electrons and Landau levels; Weiss theory of ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism; ferroelectricity; Superconductivity, type – I and type – II superconductors, Josephson junctions; Defects and dislocations; Ordered phases of matter, translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid crystalline order; Conducting polymers; Quasicrystals.

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